Article 35 provides that freedom of communication between the consul and their home country must be preserved, that consular bags "shall be neither opened nor detained" and that a consular courier must never be detained.Article 31 provides that the consular premises are inviolable (i.e., the host nation may not enter the consular premises, and must protect the premises from intrusion or damage).Article 23 provides that the host nation may at any time and for any reason declare a particular member of the consular staff to be persona non grata, and that the sending state must recall this person within a reasonable period of time, or the person may lose their consular immunity.Article 5 lists thirteen functions of a consul, including "protecting in the receiving State the interests of the sending State and of its nationals … within the limits permitted by international law", “helping and assisting nations … of the sending State”, and "furthering the development of commercial, economic, cultural and scientific relations between the sending State and the receiving State.".The preamble to the Convention states that customary international law continues to apply to matters not addressed in the Convention. Its official texts are in English, French, Chinese, Russian and Spanish the Convention provides that the five versions are equally authentic. The Convention was adopted on 24 April 1963 following the United Nations Conference on Consular Relations in Vienna, Austria from 4 March to 22 April 1963. The Convention defines and articulates the functions, rights, and immunities accorded to consular officers and their offices, as well as the rights and duties of "receiving States" (where the consul is based) and "sending States" (the state the consul represents).Īdopted in 1963, and in force since 1967, the treaty has been ratified by 182 states. Ĭonsuls have traditionally been employed to represent the interests of states or their nationals at an embassy or consulate in another country. It codifies many consular practices that originated from state custom and various bilateral agreements between states. The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations is an international treaty that defines a framework for consular relations between sovereign states. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations at Wikisource UN Secretary-General (Convention and the two Protocols) įederal Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Austria (Final Act) Ĭhinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish
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